CHAPTER 7 – INPUT & OUTPUT


CHAPTER 7 – INPUT & OUTPUT

What is Input?


·  Input is any data and instructions entered into the memory of a computer

Input Methods:

1)Keyboard
  •  Contains keys users press to enter data and instructions into a computer or mobile device
  • An ergonomic keyboard has a design that reduces the chance of repetitive strain injuries 
  • Ergonomics incorporates comfort, efficiency, and safety into the design of the workplace

2)Pointing Devices
  • Mouse
- Pointing device that fits under the palm
- Example: Optical mouse, laser mouse, and touch mouse

Optical Mouse

Laser Mouse

Touch Mouse

  • Touchpad
- Small, flat, rectangular pointing device that is sensitive to pressure and motion
- Usually at laptop

  • Pointing Stick
- Pressure-sensitive pointing device
- Shaped like a pencil eraser that is positioned between keys on a mobile computer keyboard

  • Trackball
- Stationary pointing device with a ball on its top or side
3)Touch Screen
- User can control the information processing system through simple or multi-touch gestures by touching the screen with one or more fingers.

4)Pen Input
- Input device which captures the brush strokes of a user and converts handwritten analog information created using "pen and paper" into digital data
- Enabling the data to be utilized in various applications
- Example: Graphic tablet




5)Motion Input
- Users can guide on-screen elements using air gestures


6)Voice Input
- Process of entering input by speaking into a microphone
- Voice recognition is the computer or mobile device’s capability of distinguishing spoken words


7)Audio Input
- Process of entering any sound into the computer such as speech, music, and sound effects
- Music production software allows users to record, compose, mix, and edit music and sounds


8)Video Input
- Process of capturing full-motion images and storing them on a computer or mobile device’s storage medium
- Example: Webcam


9)Scanner and Reading Devices
  • Optical Reader - Device that uses a light source to read characters,  marks, and codes and then converts them into digital data that a computer can process


Optical character recognition (OCR)

Optical mark recognition (OMR)

  • Bar code reader/ Bar code scanner - uses laser beams to read bar codes
  • QR code - stores information in both a vertical and horizontal direction

  • Magstripe readers
- Read the magnetic stripe on the back of cards such as Credit cards, Entertainment cards, Bank cards and Identification cards




What is Output?

Output is data that has been processed into a useful form

 Types of Output:

 1) Displays - Visually conveys text, graphics, and video information

  • Monitor
- A display that is packaged as a separate peripheral device
- Example: LCD monitor

- To display the highest quality images, the monitor should plug into:

  • A DVI port
  • An HDMI port
  • A Display Port






2)Printers
- A printer produces text and graphics on a physical medium


  • Ink-jet printer
~ Forms characters and graphics by spraying tiny drops of liquid ink onto a piece of paper
 ~ Color or black-and-white
 ~ Speed is measured by the number of pages per minute (ppm) it can print



  • Laser printer
- High speed
 - Black and white or Colour
 - High quality




  • All-in-one printer (multi-function printer) - A single device that prints, scans, copies, and in some cases, faxes


  • Thermal printer - generates images by pushing electrically heated pins against the heat-sensitive paper




  • Mobile printer - small, lightweight, battery-powered printer that allows a mobile user to print from a mobile device

  • Label printer - a small printer that prints on an adhesive-type material that can be placed on a variety of items



  • Impact printer - form characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking a mechanism against an inked ribbon that physically contacts the paper


3)Speaker

4)Headphones

5)Earphones

6)Data projector

7)Joysticks, wheels, gamepads, and motion-sensing game controllers



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